Telecommunication Technology

We have wireless communication in case of telecommunication .It started as 1G (first generation).

 1G has technology like –

NMT- NORDIC MOBILE TELEPHONY

TACS- TOTAL ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

ETACS-  EUROPEAN TOTAL  ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

1G uses Analog signal/Analog system. So it can not cover wide range of distance.

Then come 2G or 2^nd generation which use digital signal so it can cover long distance . Here use GSM (GROUP SPECIAL MODULE) technology. It is a global system for mobile communications. It was only voice communication .Then for data access we move to 2.5G. It is called GPRS (general packet radio service). But here data rate is very low so we take 2.75G known as EDGE (ENHANCED DATA RATES FOR GSM EVOLUTION).

There total 2G, 2.5G, 2.75G all are known as 2G technology.

Now come 3G.It has used UMTS (universal mobile terrestrial/telecomm system) technology.

UMTS gives us 384kbps data rate.

GPRS= 56-64 kbps

EDGE= 170kbps

UMTS= 384 kbps

So UMTS able to make video calling.

After this we got 3.5G which have technologies like HSDPA(HIGH SPEED DOWN LINK POCKET ACCESS) and HSUPA (HIGH SPEED UP LINK POCKET ACCESS).

Next come to 3.75G = HSPA (HIGH SPEED POCKET ACCESS)

And before 4G there the technology 3.9G. there have used technology is LTE (LONG TERM EVOLUTION) known as 4GLTE

Next is 4^th generation or 4G data speed 1gbps for stationary users and 100mbps for high mobility users.

Now we targetting  for 5G with speed 5gbps and we will achieved this speed in 2020. Many companies are research for this.

In some countries 2G use CDMA (CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS) and in 3G WCDMA (WIDE BAND CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS).

This is the basic concept on telecommunication